Produces legal effects on individuals Affects fundamental rights (privacy, dignity, non-discrimination) Impacts health or physical safety Determines access to essential services Significant economic impact on individuals

Facial recognition/identification Emotion recognition Biometric categorization (race, gender, religion inference) Real-time remote biometric identification in public spaces Voice/speaker recognition Gait/behavioral biometric analysis No biometric processing

Energy grid management/control Water supply management Transport infrastructure control Digital infrastructure (internet, telecom) No critical infrastructure involvement

Social scoring/citizen behavior evaluation Subliminal techniques to manipulate behavior Exploits vulnerabilities of specific groups (age, disability) Predictive policing based on profiling Generates deepfakes/synthetic media

Interacts directly with natural persons (chatbot/virtual agent) Generates or manipulates image, audio, video content Makes automated individual decisions Engages in profiling of natural persons